Name the cause of Barrett’s oesophagus. List TWO characteristic microscopic changes. Name
ONE long-term complication.

Oesphagus cells are damaged by exposure to acid from the stomach.

1. Metaplastic columnar epithelium that replaces the normal squamous epithelium
2. Columnar metaplasia along with goblet cells
   Complication:- Invasive adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus.